The challenge:In 2007, the City Council of Toronto, Canada, recognised the far reaching impacts of climate change and made a commitment to reduce citywide greenhouse gas emissions by 80% by 2050. To ...

The challenge:Innovation occurs in all corners of society, but inventions conceived in remote or rural areas, especially in developing countries, are far less likely to be commercialised and made ...

The challenge:The concept of the ‘valley of death’ prevents the progress of science from the laboratory bench to the point where it provides the basis of a commercially successful business...

The challenge:As of 2009, only six percent of Cambodia’s rural population were connected to the electricity grid. As an alternative, rural households commonly get their electricity from car ...

The challenge:Access to modern forms of energy remains sporadic or non-existent in much of rural Ethiopia. As a result the population is predominantly reliant on a scarce and depleting supply of solid...

The challenge:Around 25% of the population of Nepal lives below the poverty line, and the country has a Human Development Index (HDI) of 0.43, placing it in the lower quartile of countries. Only ...